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[PHYS ORG] Insatiable demand for cannabis has created a giant carbon footprint

Discussion in 'BBS Hangout: Debate & Discussion' started by Os Trigonum, Mar 10, 2021.

  1. Os Trigonum

    Os Trigonum Member
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    "Insatiable demand for cannabis has created a giant carbon footprint":

    https://phys.org/news/2021-03-insatiable-demand-cannabis-giant-carbon.html

    MARCH 8, 2021

    Insatiable demand for cannabis has created a giant carbon footprint
    by Colorado State University

    It's no secret that the United States' $13 billion cannabis industry is big business. Less obvious to many is the environmental toll this booming business is taking, in the form of greenhouse gas emissions from commercial, mostly indoor production.

    A new study by Colorado State University researchers provides the most detailed accounting to date of the industry's carbon footprint, a sum around which there is only limited understanding. What is clear, though, is that consumer demand for cannabis is insatiable and shows no signs of stopping as more states sign on to legalization.

    The study, published in Nature Sustainability, was led by graduate student Hailey Summers, whose advisor, Jason Quinn, is an associate professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering. Summers, Quinn and Evan Sproul, a research scientist in mechanical engineering, performed a life-cycle assessment of indoor cannabis operations across the U.S., analyzing the energy and materials required to grow the product, and tallying corresponding greenhouse gas emissions.

    They found that greenhouse gas emissions from cannabis production are largely attributed to electricity production and natural gas consumption from indoor environmental controls, high-intensity grow lights, and supplies of carbon dioxide for accelerated plant growth.

    "We knew the emissions were going to be large, but because they hadn't been fully quantified previously, we identified this as a big research opportunity space," Summers said. "We just wanted to run with it."

    The CSU group's efforts update previous work by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory researchers, which quantified small-scale grow operations in California and predated the cascade of state-by-state legalization since Colorado was first to legalize in 2012. To date, 36 states have legalized medical use of cannabis, and 15 have legalized recreational use.

    Mapping variable emissions

    The CSU team surmised there would be substantial variability in emissions depending on where the product was being grown, due to climate as well as electric grid emissions. Their recently published work captures the potential cross-country spread of large commercial warehouses for growing cannabis, and it models emissions for several high-growth locations around the country. Their results include a map that shows relative emissions anywhere in the U.S., as defined as emissions per kilogram of cannabis flower. They've also developed a GIS map that allows users to enter a county name and find local emissions estimates.

    Their research shows that U.S. indoor cannabis cultivation results in life-cycle greenhouse gas emissions of between 2,283 and 5,184 kilograms of carbon dioxide per kilogram of dried flower. Compare that to emissions from electricity use in outdoor and greenhouse cannabis growth, which is 22.7 and 326.6 kilograms of carbon dioxide, respectively, according to the New Frontier Data 2018 Cannabis Energy Report. Those outdoor and greenhouse numbers only consider electricity, while the CSU researchers' estimate is more comprehensive, but the comparison still highlights the enormously larger footprint of indoor grow operations.

    The researchers were surprised to find that heating, ventilation and air conditioning systems held the largest energy demand, with numbers fluctuating depending on the local climate—whether in Florida, which requires excessive dehumidifying, or Colorado, where heating is more important.

    The high energy consumption of cannabis is due in part to how the product is regulated, Quinn said. In Colorado, many grow operations are required to be in close proximity to retail storefronts, and this has caused an explosion of energy-hungry indoor warehouses in urban areas like Denver. According to a report from the Denver Department of Public Health and Environment, electricity use from cannabis cultivation and other products grew from 1% to 4% of Denver's total electricity consumption between 2013 and 2018.

    The team is seeking more funding for continuing their modeling work, with hopes of extending it to a comparison between indoor and potential outdoor growth operations. Ultimately, they would like to help the industry tackle environmental concerns while legal cannabis is still relatively new in the U.S.

    "We would like to try and improve environmental impacts before they have become built into the way of doing business," Sproul said.

     
  2. Commodore

    Commodore Member

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    CO2 is not a pollutant
     
  3. fchowd0311

    fchowd0311 Member

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    In terms of what? Not causing asthma flare ups? Sure.

    In terms of trapping heat in the atmosphere, yes.

    Why do you think Venus is hotter than Mercury?

    Anyways this seems like a problem that will be solved when homes slowly transition to being independent from the local grid due to solar panels, battery packs along with geothermal heat sources.
     
    #3 fchowd0311, Mar 10, 2021
    Last edited: Mar 10, 2021
  4. fchowd0311

    fchowd0311 Member

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    Well I stopped contributing to the problem as I had to quit a year for employment reasons.

    Kids, don't smoke weed everyday. Treat it like alcohol where you should do it socially on the weekends.
     
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  5. B-Bob

    B-Bob "94-year-old self-described dreamer"
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    MOAR phys.org threads pls! :D
     
  6. dobro1229

    dobro1229 Member

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    Seems like the solution is to just do what Canada does and allow citizens to have one plant for each household. Everything in the US is driven around big business, and it's no shock that big businesses care about profits and mass production vs providing a sustainable product that is helps the world and it's people.



    ..........But what does Jonathan Turley have to say about it OP????
     
  7. jiggyfly

    jiggyfly Member

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    Well this explains a lot.

    [​IMG]
     
  8. dachuda86

    dachuda86 Member

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    Solar Powered Grow houses can be a thing. As well as complete deregulation and the allowance of non industrial amounts to be grown in home gardens. The problem is even the "allies" of mar1juana just want to profit and tax it; they don't actually care about the environment or mar1juana's medical benefits.
     
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  9. Tomstro

    Tomstro Member

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    actually this is wrong. Definitely smoke weed every day.
     
  10. fchowd0311

    fchowd0311 Member

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    Unless you need a secret clearance and require you to do a hair follicle test...

    But then I realized I was lied to because all they did was a piss test. Anyways, for me smoking everyday made me not have the urge to go to the gym or run. Also it really increased my appetite.
     
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  11. rocketsjudoka

    rocketsjudoka Member

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    Wait.? Big growth industry uses a lot of energy?!
    Shocking!:eek:

    I do actually expect to see a movement to organic free range grown ganja. For that matter there are many low carbon, carbon neutral and even carbon sequestering farming techniques that could used for the mar1juana agriculture.
     
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  12. Os Trigonum

    Os Trigonum Member
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    I don't know about cannabis, but he does have a column today about free speech, Piers Morgan, and Meghan Markle.

    https://jonathanturley.org/2021/03/...t-believe-a-word-of-meghan-markles-interview/

    excerpt:

    That is why this is not Markle or Morgan. It is about free speech and the free press.​

    more at the link. probably deserves its own thread ;)
     
  13. heypartner

    heypartner Member

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    not so fast

    Colorado allows 6 plants per resident, with a total cap of 12 per household. (I think that's been in place prior to commercial legalization.) However, you must grow them out of site, no outside growing. Thus, your energy efficiency will likely be worse per plant than big grows.

    Even if you could do it outdoors, I doubt many home growers would do that. And Canada especially, since you'd have 365 yr growing indoors, versus the winters outdoors, dealing with extra-heating for greenhouses, etc.
     
    #13 heypartner, Mar 10, 2021
    Last edited: Mar 10, 2021
  14. heypartner

    heypartner Member

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    maybe, but there will be a big increase to your Security budget to have outdoor farms, and other employee budgets / harvesters. And a lot more product-waste outdoors due to cross fertilization. Indoors is the best way to grow the good stuff, i'm pretty sure, both economically and quality-control.

    (I follow the growth of supporting businesses that contribute to total taxable revenue streams for legalization, and Security is one. Now security for farms is above board and taxable, versus gangsta security for illegal farms.)

    What I expect is indoor operations will just get verified as Carbon-Neutral, like many other businesses. Or certified as 100% renewable energy.
     
    #14 heypartner, Mar 10, 2021
    Last edited: Mar 10, 2021
  15. heypartner

    heypartner Member

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    btw: I'm curious if that LCA study includes the output of carbon dioxide generators used indoors to maintain optimum CO2 for photosynthesis? Maybe they just assume that is a neutral wash if set properly to only generate what the plants absorb. But probably some leakage???
     
  16. London'sBurning

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    I know some of my Texan friends and family make their weekend road trips to Colorado to stock up on the oz per day you can purchase there. Makes me wonder if legalizing in Texas and other states where it's currently illegal would lower demand to produce so much cannabis in states like Colorado, thereby lowering energy consumption in that state. Energy consumption would be more spread out across all 50 states likely making the numbers less skewed where cannabis production is higher only because it's legal in specific states.
     
  17. heypartner

    heypartner Member

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    A cow fart in one state is same as a cow fart in another.

    Mother Nature doesn't care if we spread out the production of our greenhouse gases. Earth doesn't know State lines. The industry will increase production of carbon as legalization moves production indoors (versus illegal growth supplies from outdoor farms in other countries).

    It's just a fact Illegal production in Colombia (for instance) is better for the environment; that's the purpose of the study.​

    The study is measuring legal indoor growth (vs carbon-friendly illegal growth) so efficiencies wrt carbon release is mitigated ... moving growth "factories" across State lines could actually worsen inefficiencies, or it could improve LCA results, we can only speculate. (But, looking at Computer Server "Farms," they are more efficient when consolidated, especially around hydro power plants.) All things remaining equal wrt energy efficiency of current growth methods in a growing industry, moving stuff across State lines does nothing except shift the Carbon Accounting from one state to another.
     
    #17 heypartner, Mar 10, 2021
    Last edited: Mar 10, 2021
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  18. B-Bob

    B-Bob "94-year-old self-described dreamer"
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    Y'all who go for the chronic on the regular should really keep an eye on the emerging research about THC and cardiovascular health, (yes, even from edibles). Not pretty. (Sorry.)
     
  19. gifford1967

    gifford1967 Member
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    Don't be a buzzkill.
     
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  20. heypartner

    heypartner Member

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    isn't that offset by regular CBD supplements :D
     
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