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Nearly half of US households escape fed income tax

Discussion in 'BBS Hangout: Debate & Discussion' started by OddsOn, Apr 8, 2010.

  1. OddsOn

    OddsOn Member

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    Nearly half of US households escape fed income tax

    WASHINGTON (AP) -- Tax Day is a dreaded deadline for millions, but for nearly half of U.S. households it's simply somebody else's problem.

    About 47 percent will pay no federal income taxes at all for 2009. Either their incomes were too low, or they qualified for enough credits, deductions and exemptions to eliminate their liability. That's according to projections by the Tax Policy Center, a Washington research organization.

    Most people still are required to file returns by the April 15 deadline. The penalty for skipping it is limited to the amount of taxes owed, but it's still almost always better to file: That's the only way to get a refund of all the income taxes withheld by employers.

    In recent years, credits for low- and middle-income families have grown so much that a family of four making as much as $50,000 will owe no federal income tax for 2009, as long as there are two children younger than 17, according to a separate analysis by the consulting firm Deloitte Tax.

    Tax cuts enacted in the past decade have been generous to wealthy taxpayers, too, making them a target for President Barack Obama and Democrats in Congress. Less noticed were tax cuts for low- and middle-income families, which were expanded when Obama signed the massive economic recovery package last year.

    The result is a tax system that exempts almost half the country from paying for programs that benefit everyone, including national defense, public safety, infrastructure and education. It is a system in which the top 10 percent of earners -- households making an average of $366,400 in 2006 -- paid about 73 percent of the income taxes collected by the federal government.

    The bottom 40 percent, on average, make a profit from the federal income tax, meaning they get more money in tax credits than they would otherwise owe in taxes. For those people, the government sends them a payment.

    "We have 50 percent of people who are getting something for nothing," said Curtis Dubay, senior tax policy analyst at the Heritage Foundation.

    The vast majority of people who escape federal income taxes still pay other taxes, including federal payroll taxes that fund Social Security and Medicare, and excise taxes on gasoline, aviation, alcohol and cigarettes. Many also pay state or local taxes on sales, income and property.

    That helps explain the country's aversion to taxes, said Clint Stretch, a tax policy expert Deloitte Tax. He said many people simply look at the difference between their gross pay and their take-home pay and blame the government for the disparity.

    "It's not uncommon for people to think that their Social Security taxes, their 401(k) contributions, their share of employer health premiums, all of that stuff in their mind gets lumped into income taxes," Stretch said.

    The federal income tax is the government's largest source of revenue, raising more than $900 billion -- or a little less than half of all government receipts -- in the budget year that ended last Sept. 30. But with deductions and credits, especially for families with children, there have long been people who don't pay it, mainly lower-income families.

    The number of households that don't pay federal income taxes increased substantially in 2008, when the poor economy reduced incomes and Congress cut taxes in an attempt to help recovery.

    In 2007, about 38 percent of households paid no federal income tax, a figure that jumped to 49 percent in 2008, according to estimates by the Tax Policy Center.

    In 2008, President George W. Bush signed a law providing most families with rebate checks of $300 to $1,200. Last year, Obama signed the economic recovery law that expanded some tax credits and created others. Most targeted low- and middle-income families.

    Obama's Making Work Pay credit provides as much as $800 to couples and $400 to individuals. The expanded child tax credit provides $1,000 for each child under 17. The Earned Income Tax Credit provides up to $5,657 to low-income families with at least three children.

    There are also tax credits for college expenses, buying a new home and upgrading an existing home with energy-efficient doors, windows, furnaces and other appliances. Many of the credits are refundable, meaning if the credits exceed the amount of income taxes owed, the taxpayer gets a payment from the government for the difference.

    "All these things are ways the government says, if you do this, we'll reduce your tax bill by some amount," said Roberton Williams, a senior fellow at the Tax Policy Center.

    The government could provide the same benefits through spending programs, with the same effect on the federal budget, Williams said. But it sounds better for politicians to say they cut taxes rather than they started a new spending program, he added.


    Obama has pushed tax cuts for low- and middle-income families and tax increases for the wealthy, arguing that wealthier taxpayers fared well in the past decade, so it's time to pay up. The nation's wealthiest taxpayers did get big tax breaks under Bush, with the top marginal tax rate reduced from 39.6 percent to 35 percent, and the second-highest rate reduced from 36 percent to 33 percent.

    But income tax rates were lowered at every income level. The changes made it relatively easy for families of four making $50,000 to eliminate their income tax liability.

    Here's how they did it, according to Deloitte Tax:

    The family was entitled to a standard deduction of $11,400 and four personal exemptions of $3,650 apiece, leaving a taxable income of $24,000. The federal income tax on $24,000 is $2,769.

    With two children younger than 17, the family qualified for two $1,000 child tax credits. Its Making Work Pay credit was $800 because the parents were married filing jointly.

    The $2,800 in credits exceeds the $2,769 in taxes, so the family makes a $31 profit from the federal income tax. That ought to take the sting out of April 15.
     
  2. GladiatoRowdy

    GladiatoRowdy Member

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    I am not a fan of the progressive income tax either, but that is the system we have, so get used to it or help to get a flat tax or consumption tax to replace it.
     
  3. bnb

    bnb Member

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    Another way to look at it, Glad, is that a 'consumption' tax has already replaced federal income tax in many ways. Sales taxes, high property taxes, etc. Not based on income.
     
  4. Blake

    Blake Member

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    No worries...let's just increase taxes for the wealthy! :rolleyes:

    I have zero issues with people that make $30k per year who have families to support getting enough credits to not pay any taxes, but $50k per year? That is ridiculous, especially considering our budget deficits and insistence on the increase in federal spending. Sorry, but it just isn't fair
     
  5. Rashmon

    Rashmon Member

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    So are you for cutting taxes or not?
     
  6. GladiatoRowdy

    GladiatoRowdy Member

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    It is perfectly fair, that is the very definition of a progressive income tax. If you don't like it, work to change it, you have a strong proponent for replacing it with an intelligent consumption tax in me. Keep in mind that such a consumption tax (or even a flat tax with no exemptions or deductions) would tax the wealthy even more than they are taxed now.
     
  7. Blake

    Blake Member

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    that's going to happen regardless (increased taxes on the wealthy). I have no issue with that. I just feel that there are too many credits and the country simply cannot afford, with the way we are spending, to have 50% of households paying nothing. A consumption tax isn't a terrible idea...
     
  8. rage

    rage Member

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    These numbers alone don't tell the whole story.

    Some numbers I found for 2007:
    http://www.taxfoundation.org/news/show/250.html

    The top 10% earners paid 71% of the tax but they also have 48% of the AGI (adjusted gross income).

    What I believe, they also have a lot of deductions which bring their AGI to a low percentage.
    I'd like to see a raw income numbers before adjustment, they might well have a whole lot more.
     
  9. rage

    rage Member

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    The link I have above shows:
    In 2007, the bottom 50% had 12% of the AGI and paid 2.8% of the tax. I also bet you that they pay a higher percentage of the sale tax already since most if not all of their income is spent.
     
  10. moonnumack

    moonnumack Member

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    I'm an Obama supporter and have little problem with rolling back the Bush tax cuts for the wealthy, as I feel that they made out like bandits compared to others in the last decade. The gap between the rich and the poor in this country continues to widen at an unacceptable rate.

    That being said, I have some concerns that we may be getting carried away in trying to lower taxes for lower and middle classes. I hate that politicians are so obsessed with looking like they "cut taxes" that they fail to acknowledge the budgetary realities of the government. You can't just keep cutting taxes for groups or all people endlessly. At some point, you have to pay the piper. Unfortunately, the political game makes every candidate promise to "not raise taxes" sometime during the campaign, making it nearly impossible to even entertain the possibility of even reasonable tax incraeses.

    Unless we decide to drastically cut spending on non-discretionary spending (which nobody seems to have the political will to do) or change our entire tax system to something like the flat tax (which sounds appealing on the surface), I think we are probably better off rolling back almost all of the Bush tax cuts. This way, we can bring some more balance back to our budget, start paying off some of our debt, and spread the pain around a little bit. I consider myself a relatively liberal, but we can't keep expecting to make a small minority (in this case, the rich) pay for every governmental program. Everybody (rich, middle class, and poor) seems to be only looking out for themselves and wanting things for free or at least subsidized. At some point, we all have to share in the pain a little.
     
  11. uolj

    uolj Member

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    There's even more to the story.

    If you look at wealth rather than income, the richest have a greater share of the country's wealth than the share of taxes they pay.

    This was the first link I found with that kind of info:
    http://sociology.ucsc.edu/whorulesamerica/power/wealth.html
     
  12. glynch

    glynch Member

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    Why not. You make so much you think you would do better?

    You identify with the very rich who push the abolishment of the progressive nature of the tax?
     
  13. uolj

    uolj Member

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    Are you sure about that?

    The little I've read about the subject indicates a flat tax or a simple consumption tax would be regressive.
     
  14. DonnyMost

    DonnyMost Member
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    I think we can all agree that simplicity is beauty in the tax system.

    And our system ain't pretty.
     
  15. insane man

    insane man Member

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    i think its stupid to not count payroll taxes when having discussions regarding federal taxes. especially since there is no lock box anyway. we use payroll taxes to fund current expenditures. its arbitrary to exclude payroll taxes but discuss only income taxes.

    and the poor and the middle class pay a lot bigger percentage of their income in these taxes than rich people.
     
  16. SamFisher

    SamFisher Member

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    Andy, looks like you bought into the myth.

    Our income taxation system is OSTENSIBLY progressive but when you factor in the regressive taxes that we have, like social security, state & local, low dividend & cap gains, it gets a lot more regressive.

    Here's a great post from fivethirtyeight with some excellent graphs comparing income distribution pre- and post- tax, to long to post here, but here's the takeaway, the US has by far the least progressive income tax of any industrialized nation, and our redistributive effects are tiny (and can't keep up over time with the accelerating Gini # anyway - very obvious.

    http://www.fivethirtyeight.com/2010/04/jonah-goldberg-anti-maldistributionist.html
     
  17. deepblue

    deepblue Member

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    Don't worry Sam, Obama will take care of that. Tax increases are coming for the top bracket on income, cap gains, medicare tax, new health care reform tax.

    At least its not at 70%, yet. :rolleyes:
     
  18. wakkoman

    wakkoman Member

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    And how many of those nations have a better standard of living than us?
     
  19. SamFisher

    SamFisher Member

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    Oh here we go with poor deepblue he cant' afford his day care - wah wah wah - suck it up bro. We've been over this last year and your arguments are kind of an embarassment.

    Quite of few them actually. Norway, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Canada, Australia etc - a lot of these countries have higher per capita income (the one that is most distortional in favor of the US), higher median household income, lower crime, better health etc. The US generally ranks only in the top 20 or so of composite human development indices.
     
    #19 SamFisher, Apr 8, 2010
    Last edited: Apr 8, 2010
  20. GladiatoRowdy

    GladiatoRowdy Member

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    No, I am fully aware of the regressive nature of all the other taxes that we have to pay. This knowledge is the reason that I am a proponent of changing the way we tax people in order to reward recycling products and saving money. I support a smart consumption tax that would keep the bulk of the tax burden on the rich and would give people incentives to save money and ways to minimize their tax burden if they have a problem with being taxed.
     

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