I am not sure what to make of this. Is this just propaganda like the Bush administration allege or otherwise? Let me hear your take. ======================================================== By Shaheen Chughtai Tuesday 14 September 2004, 22:17 Makka Time, 19:17 GMT Illegal weapons of mass destruction have not only been found in Iraq but have been used against Iraqis and have even killed US troops. But Washington and its allies have tried to cover up this outrage because the chief culprit is the US itself, argue American and other experts trying to expose what they say is a war crime. The WMD in question is depleted uranium (DU). A radioactive by-product of uranium enrichment, DU is used to coat ammunition such as tank shells and "bunker busting" missiles because its density makes it ideal for piercing armour. Thousands of DU shells and bombs have been used in Yugoslavia, Afghanistan and - both during the 1990-91 Gulf war and the ongoing conflict - in Iraq. "They're using it now, they're using it in Falluja, Baghdad is chock-a-block with DU - it's all over the place," says Major Doug Rokke, director of the US army's DU project in 1994-95. Scientists say even a tiny particle can have disastrous results once ingested, including various cancers and degenerative diseases, paralysis, birth deformities and death. And as tiny DU particles are blown across the Middle East and beyond like a radioactive poison gas, the long-term implications for the world are deeply disturbing. DU has a "half-life" of 4.5 billion years, meaning it takes that long for just half of its atoms to decay. Sick soldiers Only 467 US soldiers were officially wounded during the 1990-91 Gulf war. But according to Terry Jemison at the US Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), of the more than 592,560 discharged personnel who served there, at least 179,310 - one third - are receiving disability compensation and over 24,760 cases were pending by in September 2004. This does not include personnel still active and receiving care from the military, or those who have died. And among 168,528 veterans of the current conflict in Iraq who have left active duty, 16% (27,571) had already sought treatment from the VA by July 2004. A sixth of the Iraq war veterans have already sought treatment "That's astronomical," says Rokke, whose team studied how to provide medical care for victims, how to clean contaminated sites, and how to train those using DU weapons. Rokke admits the exact cause for these casualties cannot be confirmed. But he insists the evidence pointing to DU is compelling. "There were no chemical or biological weapons there, no big oil well fires," he says. "So what's left?" Cradle to grave Dr Jenan Ali, a senior Iraqi doctor at Basra hospital's College of Medicine, says her studies show a 100% rise in child leukaemia in the region in the decade after the first Gulf war, with a 242% increase in all types of malignancies. The director of the Afghan DU and Recovery Fund, Dr Daud Miraki, says his field researchers found evidence of DU's effect on civilians in eastern and southeastern Afghanistan in 2003 although local conditions make rigorous statistical analysis difficult. "Many children are born with no eyes, no limbs, or tumours protruding from their mouths and eyes," Miraki told Aljazeera.net. Some newborns are barely recognisable as human, he says. Many do not survive. Iraqi and Afghan doctors have seen a rise in deformed foetuses Afghan and Iraqi children continue to play amid radioactive debris. But the US army will not even label contaminated equipment or sites because doing so would be an admission that DU is hazardous. This "deceitful failure", says Rokke, contradicts the US army's own rules, such as regulation AR 700-48, which stipulates its responsibilities to isolate, label and decontaminate radioactive equipment and sites as well as to render prompt and effective medical care for all exposed individuals. "This is a war crime," Rokke says. "The president is obliged to ensure the army complies with these regulations but they're deliberately violating the law. It's that simple." No remedy But these blatant violations are practically irrelevant because Rokke's Iraq mission found that DU cannot be cleaned up and there is no known medical remedy. US President George Bush and UK Prime Minister Tony Blair used Saddam Hussein's alleged possession of illegal weapons to justify invading Iraq. But several prominent jurists hold Bush and Blair guilty of war crimes for waging DU warfare. The vice-president of the Indian Lawyers Association, Niloufer Bhagwat, sat on an international panel of judges for the unofficial International Criminal Tribunal for Afghanistan. Bhagwat and her fellow judges ruled that the US had used "weapons of extermination of present and future generations, genocidal in properties". Friendly fire And not just against defenceless Afghan civilians. "Bush was guilty of knowingly using DU weaponry against his own troops," Bhagwat told Aljazeera.net, "because the president knew the effects of DU could not be controlled". A prominent US international human-rights lawyer, Karen Parker, says there are four rules derived from humanitarian laws and conventions regarding weapons: * weapons may only be used against legal enemy military targets and must not have an adverse effect elsewhere (the territorial rule) * weapons can only be used for the duration of an armed conflict and must not be used or continue to act afterwards (the temporal rule) * weapons may not be unduly inhumane (the "humaneness" rule). The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 speak of "unnecessary suffering" and "superfluous injury" in this regard * weapons may not have an unduly negative effect on the natural environment (the "environmental" rule). Illegal weapons "DU weaponry fails all four tests," Parker told Aljazeera.net. First, DU cannot be limited to legal military targets. Second, it cannot be "turned off" when the war is over but keeps killing. Third, DU can kill through painful conditions such as cancers and organ damage and can also cause birth defects such as facial deformities and missing limbs. Lastly, DU cannot be used without unduly damaging the natural environment. "In my view, use of DU weaponry violates the grave breach provisions of the Geneva Conventions," says Parker. "And so its use constitutes a war crime, or crime against humanity." Parker and others took the DU issue before the UN in 1995, and in 1996, the UN Human Rights Commission described DU munitions as weapons of mass destruction that should be banned. Deceit Despite the evidence, Rokke says Pentagon and Energy Department officials have campaigned against him and others trying to expose the horrors of DU. That charge is echoed by Leuren Moret, a geoscientist who has worked at the Lawrence Berkeley and Lawrence Livermore nuclear weapons research laboratories in California. White House denials are part of a long-standing cover-up policy that has been exposed before, she says. "For example, the US denied using DU bombs and missiles against Yugoslavia in 1999," she told Aljazeera.net. "But scientists in Yugoslavia, Greece and Bulgaria measured elevated levels of gamma radiation in the first three days of grid and carpet bombing by the US." Moret said: "A missile landed in Bulgaria that didn't explode and scientists identified a DU warhead. Then, Lord [George] Robertson, the head of NATO, admitted in public that DU had been used." Even the US army expressed concern about the use of DU in July 1990, some six months before the outbreak of the first Gulf war. Those concerns were later echoed by Iraqi officials. Denial But brushing his own army's report aside - now said to be "outdated" - US President George Bush has dismissed such warnings as "propaganda". "In recent years, the Iraqi regime made false claim that the depleted uranium rounds fired by coalition forces have caused cancers and birth defects in Iraq," says Bush on his White House website. "But scientists working for the World Health Organisation, the UN Environmental Programme and the European Union could find no health effects linked to exposure to depleted uranium," he said. Bush can point to a World Health Organisation (WHO) report in 2001 that said there was no significant risk of inhaling radioactive particles where DU weapons had been used. It said the level of radiation associated with DU debris was not particularly hazardous, but it accepted that high exposure could pose a health risk. Scientific studies WHO also commissioned a scientific study shortly before the 2003 invasion of Iraq that warned of the dangers of US and British use of DU - but refused to publish its findings. The study's main author, Dr Keith Baverstock, told Aljazeera.net that "the report was deliberately suppressed" because WHO was pressed by a more powerful, pro-nuclear UN body - the International Atomic Energy Agency. WHO has rejected his claims as "totally unfounded". The study found DU particles were likely to be blown around and inhaled by Iraqi civilians for years to come. Once inside a human body, the radioactive particles can trigger the growth of malignant tumours. Bush's claim that the UN Environmental Programme (UNEP) gives DU pollution a clean bill of health is also disingenuous. UNEP experts have yet to be allowed into Iraq, its spokesman in Geneva Michael Williams told Aljazeera.net, citing security concerns. And a scientific body set up in 1997 by Green EU parliamentarians - the European Committee on Radiation Risk (ECRR) - found that DU posed serious health risks. An eminent Canadian scientist involved with the ECRR, Dr Rosalie Bertell, says the deadliness of DU derived not just from its radioactivity but from the durability of particles formed in the 3000-6000C heat produced when a DU weapon is fired. "The particles produced are like ceramic: not soluble in body fluid, non-biodegradable and highly toxic," she told Aljazeera.net. "They tend to concentrate in the lymph nodes, which is the source of lymphomas and leukaemia". Known killer The US military and political establishment cannot plead ignorance. As early as October 1943, Manhattan Project scientists Arthur Compton, James Connant and Harold Urey sent a memo to their director, General Leslie Groves, saying DU could be used to create a "radioactive gas". In 1961, two nuclear experts, Briton HE Huxley and American Geoffrey Zubay, informed the scientific community that DU targeted human DNA and "the Master Code, which controls the expression of DNA", Moret said. In September 2000, Dr Asaf Durakovic, professor of nuclear medicine at Washington's Georgetown University, told a Paris conference of prominent scientists that "tens of thousands" of US and UK troops were dying of DU. Death sentence "There has to be a moratorium on the manufacture, sales, use and storage of DU," geoscientist Moret says, warning that this will not happen unless more Americans realise what is happening. The Middle East has been severely contaminated, warns Moret. "That region is radioactive forever," she says, but worse is yet to come. Moret says the air carrying DU particles takes about a year to mix with the rest of the earth's atmosphere. The radiation released by DU nuclear warfare is believed to be more than 10 times the amount dispersed by atmospheric testing. As a result, DU particles have engulfed the world in a radioactive poison gas that promises illness and death for millions. Rokke went to Iraq a fit and healthy soldier, but the major is now beset with a variety of illnesses and each day is a struggle. He suffers from respiratory problems and cataracts while his teeth - weakened by DU radiation - are crumbling. At least 20 of the 100 primary personnel he worked with on the US army's DU project have died. Most of the rest are ill. Meanwhile, WHO says cancer rates worldwide are set to rise by 50% by 2020, although it does not link this publicly to DU. "They would never say that - they offered various strange explanations," said Moret. "But DU is the key factor. People will slowly die." Link
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Depleted uranium, by its very nature, is not radioactive. God, I'm tired of this conspiracy theory, whacko garbage coming from the anti-war, pacifist left these days. They made the same baseless claims during the Persian Gulf War.
If you're going to cop an attitude about it, you might want to get your fact straight. Every isotope of uranium is unstable. Therefore, every isotope of uranium is radioactive. The WHO says that the radiation dose from depleted uranium would be "about 60% of that from purified natural uranium with the same mass."
Yeah, but according to bs, the WHO is a bunch of kook liberal hippies that don't know anything about the environment or healthcare.
It is true we use uraniam depleted shells. However, I wouldn't consider them a weapon of mass destruction, nevertheless a pretty dangerous weapon. Plus, we've used them before in the past. They pack a powerful punch, so the uranium is less of a concern than the kill radius.
How come there is never the truth with issues such as this?? I mean, is it really that hard in this day and age to test whether or not something is radioactive and to test the post-war impact where they have been used. Either it is a conspiracy theory or true - not both??
This is the sad fact. Personally I want and wish to learn. I want to more but it is unfortunate that the nature of the politics we see nowadays does not allow us to do so. I have friends in the millitary. My kids could serve the military in one capacity or the other in the future. I like some more transparency with issues like these because you or someone you know could be a victim. I will just assume that this story is not a big deal. But I will continue to seek education on matters like these from all sources regardless.
The United Nations has a patently anti-American agenda and their stance on DU munitions is just part of that. They'd much prefer us not to use the munitions, as effective as they are, to cripple our ability to knock out tanks and other targets. Andylib, you're getting so predictable it becoming humorous. link link
More DU info. http://www.sundayherald.com/32522 http://www.nydailynews.com/front/story/180333p-156685c.html http://www.iacenter.org/depleted/du.htm
Why would anyone be so quick to call it propoganda? 10,000 Gulf War vets have already died of diseases with symptoms identical to uranium dust inhalation. Why deny it? Since some appear to think that the WHO is not believable, check out the UMRC's take (a peer-reviewed medical journal) http://www.umrc.net/papersAndAbstracts.asp Here are the pertinent excerpts, if you don't believe them then tell me exactly what you don't believe: UMRC's Field Team found several hundred Afghan civilians with acute symptoms of radiation poisoning along with chronic symptoms of internal uranium contamination, including congenital problems in newborns. Local civilians reported large, dense dust clouds and smoke plumes rising from the point of impact, an acrid smell, followed by burning of the nasal passages, throat and upper respiratory tract. Subjects in all locations presented identical symptom profiles and chronologies. The victims reported symptoms including pain in the cervical column, upper shoulders and basal area of the skull, lower back/kidney pain, joint and muscle weakness, sleeping difficulties, headaches, memory problems and disorientation. At the Uranium Weapons Conference held October 2003 in Hamburg, Germany, independent scientists from around the world testified to a huge increase in birth deformities and cancers wherever NDU and DU had been used. Professor Katsuma Yagasaki, a scientist at the Ryukyus University, Okinawa calculated that the 800 tons of DU used in Afghanistan is the radioactive equivalent of 83,000 Nagasaki bombs. The amount of DU used in Iraq is equivalent to 250,000 Nagasaki bombs.... Sgt. Hector Vega, Sgt. Ray Ramos, Sgt. Agustin Matos and Cpl. Anthony Yonnone from New York's 442nd Guard Unit ... are the first confirmed cases of inhaled uranium oxide exposure from the current Iraq conflict. Dr. Asaf Durokovic, professor of Nuclear Medicine at the Uranium Medical Research Centre http://www.umrc.net/ conducted the diagnostic tests. The story was released April 3, 2004 in the New York Daily News. There is no treatment and there is no cure. http://www.nydailynews.com/front/story/180333p-156 685c.html Leuren Moret reports, "In my research on depleted uranium during the past 5 years, the most disturbing information concerns the impact on the unborn children and future generations for both soldiers serving in the depleted uranium wars, and for the civilians who must live in the permanently radioactive contaminated regions. Today, more than 240,000 Gulf War veterans are on permanent medical disability and more than 11,000 are dead. They have been denied testing, medical care, and compensation for depleted uranium exposure and related illnesses since 1991." Moret continues "Even worse, they brought it home in their bodies. In some families, the children born before the Gulf War are the only healthy members. Wives and female partners of Gulf War veterans have reported a condition known as burning semen syndrome, and are now internally contaminated from depleted uranium carried in the semen of exposed veterans. Many are reporting reproductive illnesses such as endometriosis. In a U.S. government study, conducted by the Department of Veterans Affairs on post-Gulf War babies, 67% were found to have serious birth defects or serious illnesses. They were born without eyes (anophthalmos), ears, had missing organs, missing legs and arms, fused fingers, thyroid or other organ malformations...." UMRC found artificial uranium in bomb craters, surrounding watercourses and the bodies of civilians exposed to US Coalition bombing in Afghanistan. Civilians surveyed presented with the classical symptoms of internal contamination by uranium, which began after exposure to the bombing. The presence of artificial uranium in environmental and biological samples indicates that the bunker buster warheads used in Afghanistan are made of uranium. Uranium is a chemically and radiologically toxic element, clinically proven to be a cause of various types of cancer and congenital malformations (birth defects). Internal contamination of uranium is responsible for variety of systemic and organ system problems, which has never been considered or studied by the Defense Department or Veterans health programs as possible cause of Gulf War Illness. The symptoms of internal contamination by uranium in Iraq and Afghanistan civilians are identical to the symptoms of US and Coalition veterans complaining of Gulf War Illness. The Pentagon/DoD have interfered with UMRC's ability to have its studies published by managing a ... persistent misinformation program in the press against UMRC, and through the use of its control of science research grants to refute UMRC's scientific findings and destroy the reputation of UMRC's scientific staff, physicians and laboratories. UMRC is the first independent research organization to find Depleted Uranium in the bodies of US, UK and Canadian Gulf War I veterans and has subsequently, following Operation Iraqi Freedom, found Depleted Uranium in the water, soils and atmosphere of Iraq as well as biological samples donated by Iraqi civilians. The United States and several of its Coalition partners and NATO allies have been deploying in battlefield and experimenting with chemically toxic and radioactive heavy metals in various types of bullets, bombs and warheads since the early 1970s. Uranium powder is taken from the nuclear fuel reprocessing cycle, after it has been mixed with nuclear reactor waste products and spent fuel, to supply the non-fissile weapons' manufacturing industry. Uranium is preferred over all other "ballistic" metals (e.g. lead, iron, tungsten) because it offers a set of unique metallurgical properties: it is extremely dense yet ductile metal (not brittle); it is pyrophoric (uranium dust burns spontaneously at room temperature); and, solid metal uranium is autoigniting at 170 F. Uranium metal has a very unusual property not available in any other metal; it is "self-sharpening", meaning that when it hits a target at high velocities (1 km/sec) it erodes and breaks in such a way as to continuously re-sharpen its point -- the leading points of all other warhead metals flatten or mushroom under these conditions. These properties give uranium a superior performance as a penetrating warhead alloy capable of breaching the hardest and thickest armor plating, retaining penetration capabilities at 15 % greater distances and lower speeds than the most common alternative metal, tungsten. Burning uranium is hard to extinguish, and if doused with water, it will explode. Uranium used in specially designed high velocity liquid metal penetrators can bore through 20 feet of super-reinforced concrete bunkers in classified weapons called "shaped charges" and "explosively formed penetrators". The hard (dense), resilient (ductile) and heavy (sustaining momentum) characteristics of uranium also make it optimal in the warhead of robust earth-penetrating bombs to carry them into buried targets and caves. The mainstream press in the US and Canada does not show any general interest in the story, let alone an investigative interest. European mainstream press is more interested and follows key developments. The NY Daily News April 5, 2004 has covered Gulf War II results by UMRC's studies of US veterans. DoD has lied and misled the public and the veterans in an attempt to undermine the significance of the story. There is significant alternative press and internet press coverage. The technique for coverage is to approach the story as a debate between government and independent experts in which public interest is stimulated by polarizing the issues rather than telling the scientific and medical truth. The issues are systematically confused and misinformed by government, UN regulatory agencies (WHO, UNEP, IAEA, CDC, DOE, etc) and defense sector (military and the weapons developers and manufacturers). Oh, and for the record: We are talking about renal failure, not cancer. Uranium dust inhalation is not deadly because uranium is radioactive, it is deadly because it is a heavy metal.
Oh, and BamaSlammer - I have you on my ignore list but was stuppid enough to click and see what you wrote. Sigh... You are linking to DoD-associated reports, NOT a peer reviewed medical journal. And we all know how well the DoD like to admit killing its own troops (anyone know about Agent Orange?) But, since I was the idiot who decided to click and read your misinformed post: The following excerpts are from "Medical Effects of Internal Contamination with Uranium," in the March 1999 (Volume 40, Number 1) Croation Medical Journal, by Asaf Durakoviæ, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington D.C., USA: Uranium heavy metal toxicity has been extensively studied for two centuries. The main parameter in the assessment of its toxic effect were mortality studies and LD50 at different quantities in a single dose or as a function of time. Other parameters extensively studied include survival time, the effects on the life span, growth and development, excretion of uranium in the urine, deposition in tissues and organs and general and local health effects. During the Manhattan Project, acute toxicity studies were conducted at different National Centers in the United States, with the most intensive investigation done at the University of Rochester with a rat model, mainly with uranyl nitrate, uranyl fluoride, and uranyl tetrachloride given parenterally. Further preparation of UF6 by oxidation or fluoridation provides the basis of combination between UF6 and the metal fluorides. Uranyl fluoride was found to be more toxic than uranyl nitrate or uranium tetrachloride, with a lethal dose of uranyl nitrate being 2 mg/kg by subcutaneous or 0.4 mg/kg by intravenous injection. Oral toxicity of insoluble UO2, U3O8, and UF4 was found to be non-toxic in rats, while six other soluble components were of a considerable toxicity. Uranyl nitrate had a more dramatic effect on the mature than on the newborn rats. The main chemical toxicity was observed in the proximal convoluted tubule of the kidney. Experiments on dogs with oral administration of 0.2 mg/kg of soluble UO2F2 to 10 mg/g of insoluble UO2, as well as uranyl nitrate at 0.2 g/kg and 0.05 g/kg of uranium tetrachloride, demonstrated renal cortical tubular changes with very little evidence of necrosis. Renal pathology was a common finding with several chemical compounds of uranium tested parenterally. Percutaneous application of uranium was studied with soluble compounds including uranyl nitrate fluoride, pentachloride, trioxide, sodium, and americium diuranate. All of the tested components were absorbed through the skin into the blood stream and in excessive amounts were able to produce severe poisoning and death. In contrast, insoluble uranium compounds, such as oxides and tetra fluoride, did not cause significant poisoning when applied to the skin. There is a considerable species difference in susceptibility to dermal toxicity of uranium compounds. Rabbits are the most sensitive followed by rats, guinea pigs and mice. There is up to one hundred-fold difference of LD50 between rabbits and mice. The main poisoning site was the kidney, with similar changes seen in other types of parenteral toxicity. Uranium application to the eye has been studied as a possible port of uranium entry in the internal environment of the living organism because of the hazards of ophthalmic exposure to uranium workers. Application of uranium compounds in the conjunctival sac in rabbits, guinea pigs, and rats included uranium peroxide, dioxide, tetra fluoride, nitrate, fluoride, and sodium and ammonium diuranate. Local damage occurred in animals, ranging from conjunctivitis to corneal ulceration. Of all tested compounds, the most severe reactions were encountered with dry uranium penta- chloride. Necrosis of periorbital tissue occurred followed by death in 50% of animals. Uranyl nitrate, fluoride, and Na-diuranate were absorbed from the conjunctiva and caused systemic poisoning. Uranium tetrafluoride and diuranate caused systemic poisoning with very little local irritation. Chemical poisoning with uranium compounds after respiratory exposure has been studied extensively in order to establish safety standards for the control of health hazards related to uranium dust. Experimental studies of the respiratory aspects of heavy metal poisoning have been performed with various experimental designs (118). Eleven uranium compounds studied in elaborate experimental designs, from the Manhattan project to recent reports, suggest that soluble uranium compounds are definitely toxic with frequent fatal (0.2 m/m3) outcomes, mainly because of the lung and renal damage. The less soluble dusts such as UF4 and high grade ore produce little renal damage, at the 2.5 mg/m3 level. Tritaoctoxide (U3O8) produced no systemic effect. Toxicity, mortality, and renal damage vary greatly between different species. Chronic toxicity studies on dogs, rats, rabbits, mice, and guinea pigs using uranyl nitrate hexahydrate, hexafluoride, tetrachloride dioxide, and tetrafluoride, revealed no significant abnormalities in the experimental design of a low concentration of compounds given for a year. Two years of exposure revealed chronic renal injury. In the five years of follow-up studies there was evidence of malignant tumors in the lungs, including adenomas and adenocarcinomas (119), mostly reported in the chronic studies on dogs and monkeys. www.umrc.net/downloads/medical_effects_cmj.pdf
Uh, wait a second. The UN is not saying this is a problem. In fact they are denying this conspiracy theory. We know, of all things, that the UN is not a 'puppet' of the US, right? So why wouldn't they condemn it if it was true? Why would they suppress a study showing it to be true? No explanation is given and some of you just grab it and run. Sorry but environsagainstwar.org is not a credible arbiter in this case. In additon they have a motive (money) to advance their doomsaying. I don't know one way or the other, but what turns so many people away from investigating it further is this rampid 'secret war' doomsaying crapola.
True. If you read the piece, you will see that a few concerns was raised. Truth be told - the Europeans seem to be more regulatory than us. IMO, if this DU have anything that will deemed questionable about it, then it will be better we go the safe route rather than be sorry. The saying goes - there is no smoke without fire. Maybe it could be applied in this case.
The Christian Science Monitor and New Scientist magazine had lengthy reports on this subject last year. Too lazy to link, but the evidence and science must hate America.
We cannot negotiate with science. we cannot just sit back and hope for the best. We know that science has created weapons of mass destruction and we know that science has been used to kill people. We have to fight science now overseas so we don't have to have science here in America.
God, you people are such ignorant wussies. I've always believed that if scientists seek a particular answer in a study, you WILL find some way to manipulate the data to get the results that you want. Now should you sit there and freaking snort ground up bits of DU? Of course, not. It's a heavy metal that in sufficient doses, can cause health problems. But because a few people, without conclusive evidence, develop problems and blame on one of our most important weapons does not a health problem make. Besides, guys, use your thinking caps (if you're capable of doing so, which most liberals are not). Where does a DU weapon go when fired? It either penetrates the armor of its target and is buried in the wreckage, or if it misses, it buries itself in the earth. So how the hell are these folks ingesting these shells? I don't believe any of these claims for a second. When I was in the Marines, we used DU ammo for helos and such and I never knew of anyone who had any negative effects from handling such ammo. Do you gang of lefty whiners know what would happen if we did not have DU weapons? We would soon lack the ability to knock out most armored vehicles. But I guess that is something that does not concern most of you, since you wring your hands over any war, no matter how justified. Now, I believe most of you who post this ridiculous "nuclear war" propaganda because you believe in your core (but would not admit) that: A. It's unfair that we are more powerful than the rest of the world. B. By just going to war and destroying the enemy, that alone is a war crime (our military is the focus of evil in the modern world). C. Anything that weakens the U.S. is good for the rest of the world.